Research & writing by Pieter Heyn | Editing by Faichal Ayeva

Introduction

This page contains information about each of the methods considered in our blog on the Best Ways To Fight Climate Change. It describes why the grade was given for each of the categories. There is also further information about each of the methods of helping the environment including links to helpful sources for getting started such as locations of recycling centers or how to mail a local representative. I hope this provides some transparency to my work and is helpful in allowing you to help yourself and the environment.

Note: GHG means greenhouse gas

Data

Buy in Bulk

Buying in bulk is a great way to help the environment by significantly reducing the amount of packaging for purchases as well as reducing the transportation required for those items ^[1][2]. It is estimated that buying in bulk can save ~25% on purchases every year or ~$600 a year ^[3]. There is no additional time or cost to buying in bulk and little difficulty involved in doing it. The health benefits of buying in bulk come from improving the environment and reducing the damages of climate change. 

Buy LED Bulbs

Replacing lightbulbs with LED lightbulbs can cost around $100 to $200 and takes about an hour for installation ^[4]. They help the environment by performing more efficiently than traditional incandescent lightbulbs and don’t need to be changed as frequently ^[5][6]. They can also save you around $225/year. They are not difficult to implement nor is there much of a lifestyle change when they are implemented.

Buy Local Foods

Buying local foods is a very beneficial method for helping the environment. There are a lot of GHGs emitted in food shipping, and buying local foods cuts down on them significantly ^[7][8]. There is also the benefit of helping the local economy, and you can save money when shopping locally ^[9]. There is no additional cost to shopping locally, but it may take time and be difficult to implement into your lifestyle. The USDA Local Food Directories can be used to find a local market to help cut down on the time it takes to find one. There are also health benefits from eating locally sourced foods due to freshness and increasing the nutrients in meals ^[10].

Buy Sustainable Clothes

Buying sustainable clothes can have a very positive impact on the environment. Organic cotton has 46% lower CO2 emissions, 91% lower water consumption, and no use of synthetic chemicals ^[11][12]. Additionally, sustainable products may be made from recycled materials severely reducing GHG emissions from those materials if disposed of and requiring less GHG emissions than if they were made from raw materials. There is little cost and no difficulty in implementing sustainable clothing into your lifestyle. I get my favorite eco-friendly clothes form Rep4earth, the eco-fitness brand I co-founded. Our clothing is produced, packaged, and delivered to you in a sustainable way. Our goal is to raise awareness of global issues, such as climate change, and help create systematic changes for a sustainable future. Click here to learn more about Rep4earth.

Change Energy Source

Household emissions are one of the largest contributors to GHG emissions ^[13][14] which makes changing your home’s energy source extremely helpful in the fight against climate change. It can be difficult to change your energy source. It takes 1-5 days to install solar panels and costs around $12,000 ^[15][16]. However, these costs may be subsidized by the U.S. government making solar panels significantly more affordable (further detail described in the 2023 Guide to Solar Incentives and Rebates for Homeowners). Along with being extremely helpful for the environment, it can save you ~$1,500/year ^[17][18] which is $30,000 over their 25-year lifetime. $18,000 in profit can be made.

Change Transportation*

Changing your transportation from a personal car to one of the choices below can have a significant impact on the environment. Each method has its pros and cons which are described within each. It is beneficial to consider multiple options in case of weather and other emergencies; however, they all are significantly better options for the environment than driving a personal car.

Bike/Walk

There is a significant lifestyle change required with biking or walking to most places over a car. It can be difficult and require time, but the environmental impact is incredible due to the severe reduction in CO2 emissions. There is also a reduction in air and noise pollution ^[19]. Along with the environmental benefits, there are health benefits ^[20] and the very nice monetary benefit of saving ~$7,500/year ^[21][22].

Carpool

There is significantly less time and lifestyle change required for carpooling compared to a bike. It takes less effort, but still takes some effort. There is still a reduction in energy use, GHGs, noise, and other pollutants ^[23]. It is also still possible to save as much as $1,500/year by carpooling ^[24].

Electric Vehicle

Electric vehicles require little to no additional time or lifestyle change compared to a regular vehicle. There are fewer environmental benefits to using an electric vehicle compared to riding a bike or walking, but there is a reduction in GHG emissions ^[25]. It also costs a minimum of ~$30,000 to own an electric vehicle ^[26]. The vehicle can then save you ~$1,000/year ^[27]. 

Public Transportation

Public transportation is one of the most available alternatives for transportation, especially in urban areas. It may actually save time in urban areas to use public transportation. It may cost ~$100/month, but there is little to no difficulty in finding and using public transportation. There are very significant reductions in GHG emissions on a per capita basis due to the large occupancy of public transportation ^[28] which makes it very beneficial for the environment. While it may cost $100/month, it can save upwards of $800/month ^[29] compared to driving which is a net profit of $700/month which is $8,400 annually.

Compost

Composting has incredible environmental benefits due to food being the largest material waste in landfills giving off methane which is a very strong GHG ^[30]. Composting can take 2 months to a year to build and requires being checked regularly ^[31]. A guide to setting up a compost bin is included in the following two links ^[32][33]. It may be difficult to set up compost, but the environmental benefits are enormous. To go with the environmental benefits, composting can save up to $370 per person annually ^[30][33].

Conserve Water

Conserving water definitely requires a significant lifestyle change and effort to consciously reduce your water usage throughout the day. There is no additional cost or time required to conserve water. In fact, it’s estimated that you can save ~$150/year by conserving water ^[34]. Conserving water helps the environment by keeping water in water-dependent areas for wildlife ^[35], and it reduces energy use which reduces GHGs ^[36]. There are also health benefits from conserving water due to improving your communities environment through improving groundwater storage and local water tables. 

Cut Back on Flying

There is a lot of time and money saved by cutting back on flying; however, it can be difficult to implement if long-distance travel is required. Taking trains instead of flying is one alternative to dealing with long-distance travel that saves money and helps the environment. There is some environmental benefit from reducing flying due to noise and aviation emissions ^[37], but aviation emissions are among the smallest emissions from vehicles ^[38].

Diet*

Prior to explaining each type of modification to your diet, I want to emphasize the magnitude that diet plays on the environment. Food accounts for over a quarter of all GHG emissions, and 70% of the world’s freshwater is used in agriculture ^[39]. We could reduce GHG emissions and water usage significantly if our diets changed which is why this method change was the best on this list. The graph below demonstrates the impact on the environment from what you eat. Keep this graph in mind while reading each of the choices for changing your diet.

Limited (Grass-Fed) Meat

Eating a limited amount of meat and making sure that it is grass-fed is a step in the right direction towards changing your diet to help the environment. It takes little effort. You can simply check what you are eating and minimize the amount of meat. There is a significant decrease in GHGs and decreased water pollution ^[40]. It is estimated that you can save ~$300/year by reducing meat intake ^[41]. There are also health benefits from eating less meat including decreased risk of heart disease and cancer. 

Vegan

Eating vegan is probably the most difficult change to make from eating meat. With the most difficulty comes the greatest reward. There are incredible environmental benefits from a massive reduction in GHGs ^[42] along with decreased water use and pollution. You can save as much as $23/week or $1,000/year by eating vegan ^[43]. There are health benefits in weight loss, reduced risk of heart disease, and a reduced risk of colon cancer ^[44]. Going vegan may be a challenge, but it can provide enormous health benefits, environmental benefits, and save money.

Vegetarian

Vegetarianism is nearly as good as veganism in terms of environmental benefit, health benefit, and monetary benefit. It may be easier for people who are used to eating meat as well. Environmental benefits include less water use, less fuel consumption, and a reduction in GHG emissions ^[45]. A recent study found that vegetarian alternatives to meat products have a fifth to a tenth of the GHG emissions ^[46]. Eating vegetarian can also save you ~$750/year  ^[47] while reducing your risk of heart disease and cancer ^[48].

Donate

Donating money to an environmental organization can have an immense impact on helping the environment. There is little to no difficulty in providing a donation. The following links will take you to organizations where you can donate to help the environment:

WEACT

Charity Navigator

Vox

Donating is an easy way to make a positive impact on the environment.

Don’t Waste Food

Food is the largest material waste in landfills, and it gives off methane which is a very strong GHG ^[30]. It takes no time and no money to keep from wasting food, and you can also save up to $370 per person annually by not wasting food ^[30][33].

Eco-Friendly Investments

Eco-friendly investments are similar to donations, but you can get money in return for your investment that you can’t get with a donation. There is also more time and effort required to search for the right investment. The following two links can help with finding companies that you might want to invest in ^[49][50]. The help provided from eco-friendly investments is much smaller than if a donation were made, but it does help the environment.

Garden

Gardening requires a significant amount of time and effort to maintain and grow. It can cost roughly $100 to $200 ^[51][52]. There are a lot of benefits that come from owning a garden as well. Gardens reduce the amount of CO2 produced from getting foods. They also naturally reduce CO2 and produce oxygen. There is an additional environmental benefit of cleaning water naturally ^[53]. A garden can also save you $500 to $600 annually by reducing purchases ^[54][55]. There are health benefits of gardening including cleaner air and water along with psychological benefits from the work ^[56].

Insulate the House

Insulating your house is an investment that can save a lot of money in the long run along with helping the environment. It can take about 5 to 6 hours to complete ^[57] and cost between $3,000 and $7,000 ^[58]. There is a large environmental benefit from the reduction in emissions caused by using utilities to heat and cool your home ^[13][59]. Using fewer utilities can also save you around $200 per year ^[60].

Pick Up Trash

Picking up trash can have a variety of impacts depending on where you pick up the trash, how much trash is picked up, and how often you do it. It doesn’t take much time and effort depending on how much is done, and if you need help finding a group to pick up trash with, check out the Earth Day website. Picking up trash is primarily a local environmental benefit, but cleaning plants and habitats for animals allows for more biodiversity and plants to help in removing GHGs ^[61][62].

Plant Trees

Planting trees requires a lot of time and effort to work on, and if you are without a group, it requires contacting the local government to find locations as well as planning out the work. The cost can also be significant without receiving donations. Despite the challenges, the environmental impact is very positive. Planting trees reduces the CO2 in the atmosphere, produces oxygen, and improves water quality ^[63]. 

Political Pressure

Political pressure may have the largest impact on the fight against climate change. If more political action is taken in the fight against climate change, the entire issue could be solved. It may seem difficult to reach out to a politician, but it takes surprisingly little time and effort to write and send a letter to an official. You can find the address of your local government officials and information on how to write a letter on the APA website. 

Recycle

There is no real time or monetary cost to recycling. The most that may need to be done is finding a recycling center which can be done through EARTH911 and driving there. Recycling does help the environment by reducing pollution and GHG emissions while conserving energy ^[64]. However, reducing purchases and reusing items rather than recycling them is better. There is also the possibility of being paid to recycle items ^[65]. 

Recycle Clothing

Recycling clothing in particular is very beneficial to the environment and requires less time and energy than other forms of recycling. You can simply find a local thrift store and donate your clothes. You could also sell your clothes and be providing the same benefit to the environment. There are GHG emissions from clothes when in landfills which can be avoided through donation along with the reduction in GHGs from producing new clothes ^[66][67].

Reduce Purchases

Reducing your purchases is one of the best ways to help the environment. The environmental impact of digging raw materials, manufacturing items, transporting them, then disposing of the materials can all be avoided if consumers think twice before buying needlessly. There can be an enormous reduction in GHG emissions ^[68] and a reduction in waste ^[69]. To go with the environmental benefit, you can intuitively save a lot of money by reducing purchases and there are many health benefits to living in a less cluttered environment ^[70].

Reduce Single-Use Plastics

Single-use plastics are an enormously unnecessary and tiresomely difficult piece of pollution for the environment. It takes absolutely no time or difficulty or money to stop using single-use plastics like straws or plastic bags. If you stop using them, plastic pollution will stop growing along with improved biodiversity and a decrease in the GHG emissions caused by their production and transportation ^[71][72].

Replace Grass with Plants

Replacing grass with plants is something that requires some time and planning along with a cost of ~$100. There is a lot of effort in planting and maintaining the plants but can have great environmental and health benefits from improved air and water quality. A study recently showed that lawns contribute to climate change due to maintenance ^[73]. Introducing plants into your backyard can help wildlife with food, prevent erosion, and cut down on GHGs ^[74].

Respect and Protect Green Spaces

It takes little to no effort to respect and protect green spaces. Just by reading this and acknowledging their benefit, you are doing your part. You can additionally go out of your way to pick up trash and keep them clean. Green spaces reduce temperatures and GHG emissions ^[75]. They have also been shown to correlate with a longer life expectancy and provide cleaner air ^[76].

Reuse Items

Reusing items is right up there with reducing purchases for its environmental benefit. It helps generate a large decrease in GHGs from the harvesting of raw materials, manufacturing, and shipping of products ^[68][77]. Reusing can take more time depending on whether the item is being reused for its original purpose or being modified for a new one. Either case, it can save a lot of time and money compared to buying a new item.

Shop Local Goods

Shopping for goods locally requires no additional time or money and is not particularly difficult to do. It can reduce shipping costs as well as the emissions from shipping items providing many of the same benefits as buying local food. There is also the benefit of stimulating the local economy.

Spread Message Creatively (Art)

Spreading the message to live an eco-friendly lifestyle through art can be very beneficial. It is important to educate and inspire people about dealing with climate change; however, this method requires a lot of skill, effort, time, and possibly money. It is a challenge that only a few people can undertake but can certainly have a tremendous impact.

Spread the Word

Spreading the word about climate change is incredibly important. It is the first step in really dealing with the problem. The first step in dealing with any problem is recognizing that there is one. To do this, people need to be educated and shown the problem we face with climate change. It takes very little time and effort to reach out to people and spread awareness about this global issue.

Switch off Appliances

Household emissions are one of the largest contributors to GHG emissions ^[13][14] which makes switching off appliances extremely helpful in reducing those emissions. It is also very easy to switch off appliances but requires remembering to do so on a regular basis. A good motivator to remember to switch off your appliances is that it can save you $100 to $200 per year ^[78].

Vote

Voting is possibly the most important method for change along with political pressure. Voting for the correct candidates to ensure climate change is treated with the respect and attentiveness that it deserves is imperative. Check out the Environmental Voter Project for more information about how important voting is and what can be done. 

Conclusion

All of these ideas for helping the environment have been thoroughly researched and explained above. I hope you have found the information useful and use some of these methods to make a difference to better your life and the world around you. If there are any questions or comments about any of these, look at the links provided for more information or shoot a comment below and we’ll get back to you. 

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